Besides these medieval buildings, as indicated by the nickname given to this valley, The Vézère valley houses prehistoric remains of exceptional quality. Fifty kilometers along which are scattered museums, parks, caves and eco-museums that reveal many traces of the past, reflecting 400,000 years of human occupation. You go down this valley from Montignac which is the town that houses the Lascaux Caves and its famous cave paintings discovered in 1940 by teenagers. Therefore, down towards Les Eyzies and Le Bugue, you will have nearly 150
Paleolithic remains of deposits, not less than 25 caves and an impressive amount of tools remains and art works of the time that were discovered. All of this rich collection is unquestionable interest from an ethnological point of view, anthropological and aesthetic. You will end your trip along the valley by the town of Eyzies, that is, globally, a must of prehistory. Les Eyzies also hosts the National Museum of Prehistory, which houses the most comprehensive collection of prehistoric objects.

Today, there are fourteen sites of the Valley of the Vézère that have been declared World Heritage by UNESCO, designating this prehistoric sanctuary as one of the most important archaeological sites in Europe. To further protect this heritage, many national, European and Worldwide programs, are being developed.